Developing Apple Mobile Devices

Here’s a clean, end-to-end checklist to get a Mac ready for professional iOS development (from “brand new machine” to TestFlight and App Store). I’ve kept links and citations to Apple’s latest requirements so nothing’s out of date.

1) Hardware & OS

  • Use a Mac (Apple silicon strongly preferred).

  • Install a supported macOS version for the current Xcode. As of today, Xcode 16.x requires macOS Sonoma 14.5+ (16.0–16.2) or macOS Sequoia 15.x (16.3–16.4). Check Apple’s live Xcode support page before you start. Apple Developer+1

2) Apple accounts & memberships

  • Apple ID: Create or use an Apple ID. Turn on two-factor authentication. Apple Developer

  • Developer Program (paid, $99/yr): Required for real-device distribution, TestFlight, and App Store submission. (Individuals or Organizations.) Some enrollment steps must be completed on a trusted device (Touch ID/Face ID or Apple silicon/T2 Mac). Apple Developer+1

  • (Optional) You can register as a free developer to download Xcode and SDKs, but you’ll need the paid membership to ship apps. Age/region limits for registration are listed here. Apple Developer

3) Install the toolchain

  1. Xcode (from the Mac App Store or developer downloads)

    • Open Xcode once so it installs extra components.

    • Install additional simulators via Xcode ▸ Settings ▸ Platforms.

    • Make sure your toolchain matches Apple’s current submission rule: as of Apr 24, 2025, uploads must be built with Xcode 16+ using the iOS 18 SDK (or newer platform SDKs listed). Apple Developer+2Apple Developer+2

  2. Xcode Command Line Tools

    • Xcode usually installs them; if needed:

      xcode-select --install

  3. Package & dependency managers (optional but common)

    • Swift Package Manager (built into Xcode) is the default for iOS now. Learn package manifests and add packages via Xcode ▸ Add Package. Apple Developer+1

    • Homebrew (handy for CLI tools):

      /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

      (Installs to /opt/homebrew on Apple silicon.) Homebrew+1

    • CocoaPods (legacy/only if a library requires it):

      sudo gem install cocoapods
pod setup

      Prefer SPM when possible. CocoaPods Guides+1

4) Prepare a development device (optional but recommended)

  • On your iPhone/iPad, connect via USB or Wi-Fi, choose it as the run destination in Xcode, then enable Developer Mode when prompted (Settings ▸ Privacy & Security ▸ Developer Mode). Apple Developer

5) Code signing: certificates, App IDs, profiles

Apple’s signing system uses Certificates, Identifiers (App IDs), Devices, and Provisioning Profiles.

  • Certificates

    • Create Apple Development (for debugging on devices) and Apple Distribution (for TestFlight/App Store) certificates in Certificates, Identifiers & Profiles. Xcode can also manage these automatically. Apple Developer

  • App IDs (Bundle IDs)

    • Register an explicit Bundle ID and enable required capabilities (e.g., Push, iCloud). Apple Developer

  • Provisioning Profiles

    • Development profile (devices + dev cert) and App Store distribution profile (distribution cert). Xcode can create and download these automatically; you can also create them manually. Apple Developer+1

Tip: For most solo projects, turn on “Automatically manage signing” in Xcode (Target ▸ Signing & Capabilities). Xcode will create and refresh the certs/profiles behind the scenes using your Developer Program membership. Apple Developer

6) Create your first project

  • In Xcode: File ▸ New ▸ App → pick App (Swift + SwiftUI is the modern default).

  • Set a unique Bundle Identifier (reverse-DNS style), choose your Team, and enable “Automatically manage signing.”

  • Run on iOS Simulator or a real device (after Developer Mode). Apple Developer

7) Platform SDK alignment (important for shipping)

  • Match your deployment target (e.g., iOS 15–18) and SDK to what Xcode 16 supports, and to Apple’s current upload requirement (builds must use iOS 18 SDK or newer per Apple’s notice). Apple Developer+1

8) Design & product requirements (before you submit)

  • Human Interface Guidelines (HIG) – patterns, navigation, typography, iconography, animations. Start here to avoid redesign late in review. Apple Developer+1

  • App Store Review Guidelines – the rules Apple uses to approve/reject apps (Safety, Performance, Business, Design, Legal). These were updated May 1, 2025 (notably around links/buttons & IAP in the U.S.). Apple Developer+1

  • Privacy requirements – complete App Privacy Details (Privacy Nutrition Label), add privacy manifests and third-party SDK signatures as applicable. Enable ATT prompts if tracking. Apple Developer

9) Testing and beta distribution

  • Archive a build in Xcode (Product ▸ Archive).

  • TestFlight: Upload archives to App Store Connect, invite internal/external testers, collect feedback and crash data. Apple Developer+2Apple Developer+2

10) App Store Connect setup & submission

  1. In App Store Connect: create an App record (name, Bundle ID, platform).

  2. Prepare store assets: icons, screenshots, descriptions, age rating, pricing, and territories (follow HIG & Review Guidelines). Apple Developer+1

  3. Upload your build from Xcode Organizer; select it in App Store Connect, attach to a version, and Submit for Review (ensure the build uses Xcode 16+ / iOS 18 SDK per current rule). Apple Developer

11) Nice-to-have tools for a smooth workflow (optional)

  • Homebrew for utilities (e.g., wget, mint, swiftlint):

    brew install swiftlint

    (Sequoia is officially supported by Homebrew.) Homebrew

  • SPM for dependencies first; fall back to CocoaPods only if a library isn’t on SPM. Apple Developer+1

Quick “Day-0 → Ship” checklist you can literally follow

  1. Update Mac to Sonoma 14.5+ or Sequoia 15.x → Install Xcode 16.x → open once. Apple Developer+1

  2. Join the Apple Developer Program (paid) with 2FA enabled. Apple Developer

  3. In Xcode, New Project → set Bundle ID → Team → Automatically manage signing. Apple Developer

  4. Connect iPhone → enable Developer Mode when prompted. Apple Developer

  5. Add dependencies via Swift Package Manager (File ▸ Add Packages…). Apple Developer

  6. Archive (Product ▸ Archive) → Upload to TestFlight → get tester feedback. Apple Developer+1

  7. Fill App Privacy Details, confirm HIG and App Review Guidelines compliance. Apple Developer+2Apple Developer+2

  8. Verify you’re building with Xcode 16+ / iOS 18 SDK (current upload requirement) → Submit for Review. Apple Developer



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